Patellar Dislocation

Patellar dislocation happens when the kneecap shifts out of its normal position in the patellofemoral groove (trochlea) and moves onto the femur's bony surface. If the kneecap only partially shifts out, it is called subluxation, whereas a complete displacement is known as dislocation (luxation).

This condition is most frequently seen in young athletes aged 15 to 20 and is more common in women.

Patellar dislocation can result from direct trauma, a sudden twisting motion while changing direction, muscle contractions, or congenital abnormalities. It may also occur when the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is torn.

Most first-time patellar dislocations can be managed without surgery by gently manipulating the kneecap back into place, bracing the knee and undergoing physiotherapy to strengthen the muscles around the knee.

If dislocations happen repeatedly or there is an associated ligament tear or cartilage damage, then surgery may be required and Dr Yu may recommend one of the following options: